Resumo

IRIBARNE, Julia V.. Para una fenomenología de la libertad. Cuad. Sur, Filos. [online]. 2005, n.34, pp. 23-46. ISSN 1668-7434.

The Introduction to this study takes into consideration the Kantian distinction between "freedom from" and "freedom to" applied to concrete situations. In a summary way, the author proposes Husserl's position, as starting point of a phenomenology of freedom. Hereby issues as temporality of consciousness and the consequent historical character of the ego as well as its reflection upon itself, are stepping stones leading to the paramount point of Husserl's conception, i.e. self-regulation as the superior form of freedom. J.P. Sartre, as well as M. Merleau Ponty, acknowledge Husserl's phenomenology as the source of their thought; from this starting point on each of them produces a new philosophy that grasps freedom in the corresponding perspective. The second and the third moment of this study expose these positions. The survey of Sartre's thoughts introduced by means of a short reference to A. Camus. Actualization of freedom implies a multifaceted realm of issues: The relation between freedom and situation is not free from conflicts. The case - for sure, an hyperbolic one - that has been chosen to depict such difficult relationship is The flies, Sartre's version of Electra, the tragic subject that Aeschylus pre-announced and that inspired Sophocles as well as Euripides. There is a second reason for the choice of this text: therein Sartre's telling about Orestes' deeds in relation to freedom is close, if not equal, to that of Merleau Ponty.

Palavras-chave : Freedom; Situation; Conflict.